Public water system · SD4600342
ActiveVermillion
At a glance
Vermillion (PWSID SD4600342) is an active community water system in Clay County, South Dakota. It reports serving 11,695 people through 3,204 service connections. Its primary water source is groundwater, and EPA lists it as owned by a local government. EPA's records list 2 violations for this system; none is health-based, and the most recent began in July 1976.
Dataset updated . Source: EPA SDWIS/ECHO public records.
Population served
11,695
Service connections
3,204
Primary source
GW
Groundwater
System type
CWS
Community water system
System record
How does Vermillion compare with other water systems in Clay County?
By EPA's size categories, Vermillion is a large system (10,001 to 100,000 people). Clay County has 4 active public water systems, and Vermillion is the largest of them by population served. Its population served is about 172% above the county average of 4,293 people per system, and accounts for 68% of the 17,173 people reported by systems filed under the county. Across South Dakota, the 699 active systems average 1,387 people each. Nationally, the average active community water system reports serving 6,703 people, so Vermillion is about 74% above that figure.
What does “community water system” mean?
A community water system serves at least 15 connections used by year-round residents, or regularly serves at least 25 year-round residents. Homes, apartments and mobile-home parks are served by these. South Dakota has 510 active community water systems, 73% of the state's 699 active systems. Groundwater means the system draws its water from wells or springs fed by underground aquifers. 431 South Dakota systems (62%) list groundwater as their primary source.
Who owns and regulates Vermillion?
EPA lists Vermillion as owned by a local government. The SD state drinking water program is its primacy agency, the regulator with primary enforcement responsibility for the system under the Safe Drinking Water Act. 3 of the 4 active systems in Clay County (75%) are also owned by a local government.
Does Vermillion have drinking water violations?
EPA's records list 2 violations for this system; none is health-based, and the most recent began in July 1976. The violations listed here began between July 1976 and July 1976. By type: 2 monitoring and reporting. The contaminants or rules involved are Combined Radium (-226 and -228) and Gross alpha (excluding radon and uranium). EPA lists 2 as archived. Archived means the violation was not marked resolved but is more than five years past the end of the noncompliance period, so it no longer counts toward current compliance status.
| Began | Violation | Contaminant or rule | Health-based | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1976-07-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring, Regular · code 03 | Combined Radium (-226 and -228)code 4010 | No | Archived |
| 1976-07-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring, Regular · code 03 | Gross alpha (excluding radon and uranium)code 4000 | No | Archived |
All 2 violations in EPA's records, newest first.Labels and codes come from EPA's SDWIS reference tables. A monitoring or reporting violation means a required test or report was missed or late; it does not by itself mean a contaminant was found. "Health-based" marks violations of a legal limit or required treatment.
Vermillion: frequently asked questions
Who runs Vermillion?
Vermillion (PWSID SD4600342) is a community water system owned by a local government. It is regulated by the SD state drinking water program.
How many people does Vermillion serve?
Vermillion reports serving 11,695 people through 3,204 service connections in Clay County, South Dakota.
Where does Vermillion get its water?
EPA SDWIS lists this system's primary water source as groundwater. Groundwater means the system draws its water from wells or springs fed by underground aquifers.
Does Vermillion have any drinking water violations?
EPA's records list 2 violations for this system; none is health-based, and the most recent began in July 1976. A monitoring or reporting violation means a required test or report was missed or late; it does not by itself mean a contaminant was found.
Is Vermillion's water safe to drink?
AquaCensus shows EPA compliance records, not current water test results, so it cannot say whether the water is safe at a given moment. EPA's records list 2 violations for this system; none is health-based, and the most recent began in July 1976. For current results, consult the system's annual water quality report, EPA ECHO, or the SD state drinking water program.
Where can I find Vermillion's water quality report?
As a community water system, Vermillion must deliver an annual water quality report, called a Consumer Confidence Report, to its customers by July 1 each year, covering the previous calendar year. The system can provide a copy on request.
Other water systems in Clay County
| Water system | County | Population served | Type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clay Rural Water System | Clay + 1 more | 4,780 | Community | Groundwater |
| Irene | Clay + 2 more | 422 | Community | Purchased surface water |
| Wakonda | Clay | 276 | Community | Purchased groundwater |
Related pages
Working with water-system records? Pro adds alerts, change history and CSV export ($49/mo); Enterprise adds full national files, the API and an MCP server for AI tools.
About this data
Source: U.S. EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) and SDWA violation records, via EPA ECHO, as published October 1, 2026 — AquaCensus refreshes it quarterly. See the methodology for how records are matched, cleaned and scored.
Cite as: AquaCensus, “Vermillion, PWSID SD4600342, South Dakota”, https://aquacensus.com/water-systems/south-dakota/vermillion-sd4600342 (data as of October 1, 2026).