Public water system · WI4590449
ActiveBirnamwood Waterworks
At a glance
Birnamwood Waterworks (PWSID WI4590449) is an active community water system in Shawano County, Wisconsin. It reports serving 832 people through 308 service connections. Its primary water source is groundwater, and EPA lists it as owned by a local government. Of the 12 most recent violations in EPA's records, 2 are health-based, and the most recent began in July 2025.
Dataset updated . Source: EPA SDWIS/ECHO public records.
Population served
832
Service connections
308
Primary source
GW
Groundwater
System type
CWS
Community water system
System record
How does Birnamwood Waterworks compare with other water systems in Shawano County?
By EPA's size categories, Birnamwood Waterworks is a small system (501 to 3,300 people). Shawano County has 116 active public water systems, and Birnamwood Waterworks is the 5th-largest of them by population served. Its population served is about 4 times the county average of 210 people per system, and accounts for 3.4% of the 24,399 people reported by systems filed under the county. Across Wisconsin, the 11,056 active systems average 469 people each. Nationally, the average active community water system reports serving 6,703 people, so Birnamwood Waterworks is well below that figure.
What does “community water system” mean?
A community water system serves at least 15 connections used by year-round residents, or regularly serves at least 25 year-round residents. Homes, apartments and mobile-home parks are served by these. Wisconsin has 1,053 active community water systems, 9.5% of the state's 11,056 active systems. Groundwater means the system draws its water from wells or springs fed by underground aquifers. 10,978 Wisconsin systems (99%) list groundwater as their primary source.
Who owns and regulates Birnamwood Waterworks?
EPA lists Birnamwood Waterworks as owned by a local government. The WI state drinking water program is its primacy agency, the regulator with primary enforcement responsibility for the system under the Safe Drinking Water Act. 16 of the 116 active systems in Shawano County (14%) are also owned by a local government.
Does Birnamwood Waterworks have drinking water violations?
Of the 12 most recent violations in EPA's records, 2 are health-based, and the most recent began in July 2025. The violations listed here began between November 1993 and July 2025. By type: 7 monitoring and reporting, 2 monitoring, 2 contaminant level above the legal limit and 1 public notice, recordkeeping or other. The contaminant or rule involved most often is Total coliform bacteria (TCR) (4 of them). EPA lists 11 as resolved and 1 as archived. Resolved means at least one resolving action is on record: the system returned to compliance, the rule no longer applies, or no further action was needed. Archived means the violation was not marked resolved but is more than five years past the end of the noncompliance period, so it no longer counts toward current compliance status.
| Began | Violation | Contaminant or rule | Health-based | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-07-01 | MonitoringMonitoring, Routine (RTCR) · code 3A | Revised Total Coliform Rulecode 8000 | No | Resolved |
| 2021-11-01 | MonitoringMonitoring, Routine (RTCR) · code 3A | Revised Total Coliform Rulecode 8000 | No | Resolved |
| 2012-02-01 | Public notice, recordkeeping or otherPublic Notification Violation for NPDWR Violation · code 75 | Public Noticecode 7500 | No | Resolved |
| 2012-01-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring and Reporting (DBP) · code 27 | Chlorinecode 0999 | No | Resolved |
| 2007-01-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring, Regular · code 03 | Xylenes, Totalcode 2955 | No | Resolved |
| 2007-01-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring, Regular · code 03 | Toluenecode 2991 | No | Resolved |
| 2007-01-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring, Regular · code 03 | Benzenecode 2990 | No | Resolved |
| 2002-09-01 | Contaminant level above the legal limitMaximum Contaminant Level Violation, Monthly (TCR) · code 22 | Total coliform bacteria (TCR)code 3100 | Yes | Resolved |
| 2001-01-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring, Regular · code 03 | Nitratecode 1040 | No | Resolved |
| 2000-04-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring, Routine Major (TCR) · code 23 | Total coliform bacteria (TCR)code 3100 | No | Resolved |
| 1994-02-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring, Routine Minor (TCR) · code 24 | Total coliform bacteria (TCR)code 3100 | No | Archived |
| 1993-11-01 | Contaminant level above the legal limitMaximum Contaminant Level Violation, Monthly (TCR) · code 22 | Total coliform bacteria (TCR)code 3100 | Yes | Resolved |
The 12 most recent violations in EPA's records, newest first.Labels and codes come from EPA's SDWIS reference tables. A monitoring or reporting violation means a required test or report was missed or late; it does not by itself mean a contaminant was found. "Health-based" marks violations of a legal limit or required treatment.
Birnamwood Waterworks: frequently asked questions
Who runs Birnamwood Waterworks?
Birnamwood Waterworks (PWSID WI4590449) is a community water system owned by a local government. It is regulated by the WI state drinking water program.
How many people does Birnamwood Waterworks serve?
Birnamwood Waterworks reports serving 832 people through 308 service connections in Shawano County, Wisconsin.
Where does Birnamwood Waterworks get its water?
EPA SDWIS lists this system's primary water source as groundwater. Groundwater means the system draws its water from wells or springs fed by underground aquifers.
Does Birnamwood Waterworks have any drinking water violations?
Of the 12 most recent violations in EPA's records, 2 are health-based, and the most recent began in July 2025. A monitoring or reporting violation means a required test or report was missed or late; it does not by itself mean a contaminant was found.
Is Birnamwood Waterworks' water safe to drink?
AquaCensus shows EPA compliance records, not current water test results, so it cannot say whether the water is safe at a given moment. Of the 12 most recent violations in EPA's records, 2 are health-based, and the most recent began in July 2025. For current results, consult the system's annual water quality report, EPA ECHO, or the WI state drinking water program.
Where can I find Birnamwood Waterworks' water quality report?
As a community water system, Birnamwood Waterworks must deliver an annual water quality report, called a Consumer Confidence Report, to its customers by July 1 each year, covering the previous calendar year. The system can provide a copy on request.
Other water systems in Shawano County
| Water system | County | Population served | Type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shawano Waterworks | Shawano | 9,610 | Community | Groundwater |
| Shawano Lk San Dist 1 | Shawano | 4,950 | Community | Groundwater |
| Bonduel Waterworks | Shawano | 1,475 | Community | Groundwater |
| Wittenberg Waterworks | Shawano | 1,200 | Community | Groundwater |
| Tigerton Waterworks | Shawano | 705 | Community | Groundwater |
| Gresham Waterworks | Shawano | 534 | Community | Groundwater |
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About this data
Source: U.S. EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) and SDWA violation records, via EPA ECHO, as published October 1, 2026 — AquaCensus refreshes it quarterly. See the methodology for how records are matched, cleaned and scored.
Cite as: AquaCensus, “Birnamwood Waterworks, PWSID WI4590449, Wisconsin”, https://aquacensus.com/water-systems/wisconsin/birnamwood-waterworks-wi4590449 (data as of October 1, 2026).