Public water system · SD4680047
ActiveNps-Wind Cave National Park
At a glance
Nps-Wind Cave National Park (PWSID SD4680047) is an active non-transient non-community water system in Custer County, South Dakota. It reports serving 1,404 people through 162 service connections. Its primary water source is groundwater, and EPA lists it as owned by the federal government. EPA's records list 6 violations for this system; 1 is health-based, and the most recent began in May 2025.
Dataset updated . Source: EPA SDWIS/ECHO public records.
Population served
1,404
Service connections
162
Primary source
GW
Groundwater
System type
NTNCWS
Non-transient non-community water system
System record
How does Nps-Wind Cave National Park compare with other water systems in Custer County?
By EPA's size categories, Nps-Wind Cave National Park is a small system (501 to 3,300 people). Custer County has 49 active public water systems, and Nps-Wind Cave National Park is the 3rd-largest of them by population served. Its population served is about 5.1 times the county average of 274 people per system, and accounts for 10% of the 13,414 people reported by systems filed under the county. Across South Dakota, the 699 active systems average 1,387 people each. Nationally, the average active non-transient non-community water system reports serving 430 people, so Nps-Wind Cave National Park is about 3.3 times that figure.
What does “non-transient non-community water system” mean?
A non-transient non-community water system regularly serves at least 25 of the same people for more than six months a year, but not where they live. Schools, factories, office buildings and hospitals with their own supply are typical examples. South Dakota has 16 active non-transient non-community water systems, 2.3% of the state's 699 active systems. Groundwater means the system draws its water from wells or springs fed by underground aquifers. 431 South Dakota systems (62%) list groundwater as their primary source.
Who owns and regulates Nps-Wind Cave National Park?
EPA lists Nps-Wind Cave National Park as owned by the federal government. The SD state drinking water program is its primacy agency, the regulator with primary enforcement responsibility for the system under the Safe Drinking Water Act. 3 of the 49 active systems in Custer County (6.1%) are also owned by the federal government.
Does Nps-Wind Cave National Park have drinking water violations?
EPA's records list 6 violations for this system; 1 is health-based, and the most recent began in May 2025. The violations listed here began between September 1992 and May 2025. By type: 5 monitoring and reporting and 1 required treatment not met. The contaminant or rule involved most often is Chlorine (4 of them). EPA lists 5 as resolved and 1 as archived. Resolved means at least one resolving action is on record: the system returned to compliance, the rule no longer applies, or no further action was needed. Archived means the violation was not marked resolved but is more than five years past the end of the noncompliance period, so it no longer counts toward current compliance status.
| Began | Violation | Contaminant or rule | Health-based | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-05-14 | Required treatment not metTreatment Technique No Certif. Operator · code 12 | Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rulecode 0400 | Yes | Resolved |
| 2005-10-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring and Reporting (DBP) · code 27 | Chlorinecode 0999 | No | Resolved |
| 2005-07-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring and Reporting (DBP) · code 27 | Chlorinecode 0999 | No | Resolved |
| 2005-04-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring and Reporting (DBP) · code 27 | Chlorinecode 0999 | No | Resolved |
| 2005-01-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring and Reporting (DBP) · code 27 | Chlorinecode 0999 | No | Resolved |
| 1992-09-01 | Monitoring and reportingMonitoring, Routine Major (TCR) · code 23 | Total coliform bacteria (TCR)code 3100 | No | Archived |
All 6 violations in EPA's records, newest first.Labels and codes come from EPA's SDWIS reference tables. A monitoring or reporting violation means a required test or report was missed or late; it does not by itself mean a contaminant was found. "Health-based" marks violations of a legal limit or required treatment.
Nps-Wind Cave National Park: frequently asked questions
Who runs Nps-Wind Cave National Park?
Nps-Wind Cave National Park (PWSID SD4680047) is a non-transient non-community water system owned by the federal government. It is regulated by the SD state drinking water program.
How many people does Nps-Wind Cave National Park serve?
Nps-Wind Cave National Park reports serving 1,404 people through 162 service connections in Custer County, South Dakota.
Where does Nps-Wind Cave National Park get its water?
EPA SDWIS lists this system's primary water source as groundwater. Groundwater means the system draws its water from wells or springs fed by underground aquifers.
Does Nps-Wind Cave National Park have any drinking water violations?
EPA's records list 6 violations for this system; 1 is health-based, and the most recent began in May 2025. A monitoring or reporting violation means a required test or report was missed or late; it does not by itself mean a contaminant was found.
Is Nps-Wind Cave National Park's water safe to drink?
AquaCensus shows EPA compliance records, not current water test results, so it cannot say whether the water is safe at a given moment. EPA's records list 6 violations for this system; 1 is health-based, and the most recent began in May 2025. For current results, consult EPA ECHO, or the SD state drinking water program.
Where can I find Nps-Wind Cave National Park's water quality report?
The annual Consumer Confidence Report requirement applies to community water systems. Nps-Wind Cave National Park is a non-transient non-community water system, so it is not required to publish one; like every public water system, it must notify the people it serves about violations under EPA's public notification rules.
Other water systems in Custer County
| Water system | County | Population served | Type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laughing Water Restaurant at Crazy H | Custer | 2,055 | Non-transient non-community | Groundwater |
| Custer | Custer | 1,919 | Community | Groundwater |
| Southern Black Hills Water | Custer + 1 more | 947 | Community | Groundwater |
| Csp-Sylvan Lake | Custer | 799 | Transient non-community | Groundwater |
| Csp-Game Lodge | Custer | 541 | Transient non-community | Groundwater |
| Black Hawk Oil Company | Custer | 500 | Transient non-community | Groundwater |
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About this data
Source: U.S. EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) and SDWA violation records, via EPA ECHO, as published October 1, 2026 — AquaCensus refreshes it quarterly. See the methodology for how records are matched, cleaned and scored.
Cite as: AquaCensus, “Nps-Wind Cave National Park, PWSID SD4680047, South Dakota”, https://aquacensus.com/water-systems/south-dakota/nps-wind-cave-national-park-sd4680047 (data as of October 1, 2026).