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Custer County, South Dakota — public water systems

At a glance

49 active public water systems are filed under Custer County, South Dakota in EPA's SDWIS records, together reporting 13,414 people served. The largest is Laughing Water Restaurant at Crazy H, which reports serving 2,055 people. 11 are community water systems serving people where they live; the other 38 are non-community systems, such as schools, workplaces, campgrounds and gas stations with their own supply.

Dataset updated . Source: EPA SDWIS/ECHO, refreshed quarterly.

Active systems

49

Population served

13.4K

Community systems

11

Groundwater share

100%

How does Custer County compare with other South Dakota counties?

Custer County has the 4th-most active public water systems among the 73 counties listed for active South Dakota systems in EPA records; among the 48 with 3 or more systems, the median has 6. Its systems report 13,414 people served in total, the 17th-largest county figure in the state and 1.4% of the statewide total. The average system here reports serving 274 people, well below the South Dakota average of 1,387. Population figures are what each system reports; people served by more than one system, such as a wholesaler and the town that buys from it, are counted by each.

Where does Custer County's drinking water come from?

By primary water source, Custer County's active systems draw on groundwater (47, 96%) and purchased groundwater (2, 4.1%). Overall, all rely mainly on groundwater (including purchased groundwater) and none on surface water, compared with 76% and 24% across South Dakota. Groundwater means the system draws its water from wells or springs fed by underground aquifers. The county's largest system, Laughing Water Restaurant at Crazy H, draws primarily on groundwater.

What kinds of water systems operate in Custer County?

Custer County's active systems break down as 11 community systems (22%), 2 non-transient non-community systems (4.1%) and 36 transient non-community systems (73%). A community water system serves at least 15 connections used by year-round residents, or regularly serves at least 25 year-round residents. Homes, apartments and mobile-home parks are served by these. A non-transient non-community water system regularly serves at least 25 of the same people for more than six months a year, but not where they live. Schools, factories, office buildings and hospitals with their own supply are typical examples. A transient non-community water system serves places where people do not stay long, such as gas stations and campgrounds, and regularly serves at least 25 people a day for at least 60 days a year. EPA lists their owner types as private (55%), state government (24%), local government (14%) and federal government (6.1%).

Water systems in Custer County

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Active public water systems in Custer County, South Dakota
#Water systemCountyPopulation servedTypeSource
1Laughing Water Restaurant at Crazy HCuster2,055Non-transient non-communityGroundwater
2CusterCuster1,919CommunityGroundwater
3Nps-Wind Cave National ParkCuster1,404Non-transient non-communityGroundwater
4Southern Black Hills WaterCuster + 1 more947CommunityGroundwater
5Csp-Sylvan LakeCuster799Transient non-communityGroundwater
6Csp-Game LodgeCuster541Transient non-communityGroundwater
7Black Hawk Oil CompanyCuster500Transient non-communityGroundwater
8Hermosa-Old SystemCuster420CommunityGroundwater
9Csp-Blue BellCuster413Transient non-communityGroundwater
10Heartland CampgroundCuster395Transient non-communityGroundwater
11Csp-Bison CenterCuster300Transient non-communityGroundwater
12Beaver Lake CampgroundCuster300Transient non-communityGroundwater
13Csp-Wildlife Station VcCuster297Transient non-communityGroundwater
14Csp-Legion LakeCuster278Transient non-communityGroundwater
15Csp-Center Lake & PlayhouseCuster230Transient non-communityGroundwater
16Nps-Jewel Cave National MonumentCuster219Transient non-communityGroundwater
17Spring Creek AcresCuster172CommunityGroundwater
18Custers Gulch Rv Park-#1swCuster150Transient non-communityGroundwater
19Custer-Mount Rushmore Koa-Rear/CgCuster146Transient non-communityGroundwater
20Custers Gulch Rv Park-#2neCuster129Transient non-communityGroundwater
21Buffalo GapCuster126CommunityGroundwater
22Hermosa Water Users AssociationCuster108CommunityGroundwater
23Spokane Creek Cabins & CampgroundCuster100Transient non-communityGroundwater
24Big Pine CampgroundCuster96Transient non-communityGroundwater
25Heartland Country RanchettesCuster95CommunityGroundwater
26Broken Arrow Horse CampCuster92Transient non-communityGroundwater
27Fort Welikit Family CampgroundCuster87Transient non-communityGroundwater
28Csp-Stockade Lake Cg-SouthCuster83Transient non-communityGroundwater
29Timber Ridge CampgroundCuster83Transient non-communityGroundwater
30Battle Creek Camping ResortCuster79Transient non-communityGroundwater
31Rock Ridge CourtCuster74CommunityGroundwater
32Custer Mountain CampgroundCuster72Transient non-communityGroundwater
33Fairburn Water AssociationCuster65CommunityPurchased groundwater
34Csp-French Creek Horse CampCuster61Transient non-communityGroundwater
35PringleCuster60Transient non-communityGroundwater
36Csp-Park ShopCuster50Transient non-communityGroundwater
37Camp Bob MarshallCuster50Transient non-communityGroundwater
38Csp-Hidden ValleyCuster45Transient non-communityGroundwater
39Csp-Stockade Lake Cg-NorthCuster44Transient non-communityGroundwater
40Four Mile Old West TownCuster43Transient non-communityGroundwater
41Paramount PointCuster40CommunityGroundwater
42North Hermosa WudCuster40CommunityPurchased groundwater
43Gold Valley CampCuster39Transient non-communityGroundwater
44Outlaw RanchCuster35Transient non-communityGroundwater
45Roost Resort - East WellCuster30Transient non-communityGroundwater
46Calamity Peak LodgeCuster28Transient non-communityGroundwater
47Custer-Mount Rushmore Koa-Front/OffiCuster25Transient non-communityGroundwater
48Bridle Ridge Horse and Rv CampCuster25Transient non-communityGroundwater
49Roost Resort - Campground WellCuster25Transient non-communityGroundwater

Custer County water systems: frequently asked questions

How many public water systems are in Custer County, South Dakota?

EPA's SDWIS records file 49 active public water systems under Custer County, South Dakota: 11 community systems (22%), 2 non-transient non-community systems (4.1%) and 36 transient non-community systems (73%).

Who supplies drinking water in Custer County, SD?

The largest community water systems filed under Custer County are Custer (1,919 people served), Southern Black Hills Water (947 people served) and Hermosa-Old System (420 people served). Which system serves a particular address depends on its service area, which EPA's SDWIS records do not include; a water bill or the local utility can confirm it.

Does Custer County's drinking water come from groundwater or surface water?

Of the 49 active public water systems in Custer County, all draw mainly on groundwater and none on surface water, counting purchased supplies. The largest system, Laughing Water Restaurant at Crazy H, uses groundwater.

Where can I find a water quality report for Custer County?

Each community water system must deliver an annual water quality report, called a Consumer Confidence Report, to its customers by July 1, covering the previous calendar year. 11 community systems are filed under Custer County, so the report to look for is the one from the system that supplies your address.

How can I check violations for a water system in Custer County?

Open the system's profile from the list on this page. Each profile shows the most recent Safe Drinking Water Act violations in EPA's records, with plain-English labels and whether each one is resolved. For current compliance status, EPA ECHO is the primary source.

More South Dakota water systems

About this data

Source: U.S. EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) and SDWA violation records, via EPA ECHO, as published October 1, 2026 — AquaCensus refreshes it quarterly. See the methodology for how records are matched, cleaned and scored.

Cite as: AquaCensus, “Public water systems in Custer County, South Dakota”, https://aquacensus.com/water-systems/south-dakota/custer (data as of October 1, 2026).